There are many aspects to redeeming miles efficiently. In addition to knowing which programs have the best redemption rates, it also makes sense to understand how you can actually snag the award seats that are available.
Part of that involves understanding when airlines open up award seats. In this post, I want to compile a master list of some of the most popular frequent flyer programs, and how early you can book mileage tickets. So let’s get right into it, and then below I’ll also share some context for the significance of these timelines.
In this post:
When do airlines open their award calendars?
Here are the approximate dates on which airlines open their schedules for awards (give or take a day, since with timezones it really isn’t a science):
Airline Loyalty Program | How far in advance you can book |
|---|---|
Air Canada Aeroplan | 355 days |
Air France-KLM Flying Blue | 359 days |
Alaska Mileage Plan | 330 days |
All Nippon Airways Mileage Club | 355 days |
American AAdvantage | 331 days |
Asiana Club | 361 days |
Avianca Lifemiles | 360 days |
British Airways Club | 355 days |
Cathay Pacific Asia Miles | 360 days |
Delta SkyMiles | 331 days |
Emirates Skywards | 328 days |
Etihad Guest | 330 days |
Finnair Plus | 361 days |
Hawaiian Airlines HawaiianMiles | 330 days |
Iberia Club | 330 days |
Japan Airlines Mileage Bank | 360 days |
Korean Air SkyPass | 361 days |
Lufthansa Miles & More | 360 days |
Qantas Frequent Flyer | 353 days |
Qatar Airways Privilege Club | 361 days |
Singapore Airlines KrisFlyer | 355 days |
United MileagePlus | 337 days |
Virgin Atlantic Flying Club | 331 days |
For what it’s worth, if you’re trying to determine how many days out a particular trip is, you can either just Google “how many days from today is [insert date]” or you can use this website.
If I’m planning an important trip way in advance, I’ll typically set a calendar reminder, and then I’ll get ready to start searching for availability a day or two in advance.
Making sense of airline award schedules
With the above out of the way, below I want to share some tips for actually making sense of the importance of these timelines, given how complicated snagging award seats can be. Below are some thoughts, in no particular order.
Not all airlines release award seats when the schedule opens
There’s a myth that if you call an airline at 12:01AM on the day the schedule opens, every flight will have award space. This simply isn’t true. There may be award space on some flights. There most definitely won’t be award seats on all flights.
So if you call at 12:01AM and there’s not a seat on the flight you want, that doesn’t necessarily mean someone else beat you to it. There are a few airlines that offer an award seat guarantee, but this is the exception rather than the norm.
Award seats don’t necessarily become available at 12:01AM
Even for airlines that do typically release award seats when the schedule opens, it doesn’t necessarily happen at 12:01AM in the timezone where the airline is based.
For example, American AAdvantage seems to open up award space shortly after midnight central, though partner award space often isn’t bookable for several hours, even if it appears online (instead you’ll get an error message).
There are two award timelines to consider
This is probably easiest explained in the form of an example.
If you want to redeem American AAdvantage miles for travel on Cathay Pacific, you can only book those seats when American’s award calendar opens up, as opposed to when Cathay Pacific’s award calendar opens up.
So for partner awards, you have to take into consideration the timelines of both the airline you’re booking with and the airline you’re flying with. Whichever timeframe is shorter is the one with which you could book.
Implications of when airlines open their award calendars
The point at which airlines open up award calendars can vary by over a month, and there are lots of implications to that.
First of all, having access to award seats earlier can be the difference between snagging an award seat and it being gone when it’s time to book. To give one example, Qantas is notorious stingy when it comes to making first class award seats available.
British Airways and Qantas loyalty program members have access to these seats 350+ days in advance, while American and Alaska loyalty program members only get access to these seats ~330 days in advance. In many cases you’ll find that those seats get snagged in the first ~20 days they’re made available, leaving very little availability for members of programs who only get this space “late.”
Collect miles with different airlines than what you want to fly
When you’re redeeming miles, often the airline with which you want to redeem miles is very different than the airline you want to fly. There are so many arbitrage opportunities available, whereby you’ll find lower redemption rates through partner frequent flyer programs.
For example, I love earning American AAdvantage miles even though I don’t actually like flying American. Instead I want to redeem those miles on Etihad and Qatar, since American typically has lower redemption rates for those airlines than the programs themselves do.
To give an example, a one-way business class ticket from the United States to South Africa on Qatar Airways would cost 75,000 American AAdvantage miles, or if you booked through Qatar Airways Privilege Club, you’d pay 95,000 Qatar Airways Avios.
So when comparing the best airline credit cards, don’t discount a card just because it isn’t issued with your preferred carrier. You can often leverage alliances and partnerships, or move points from a flexible points currency to whichever program is best for booking your flight award.
The challenge is that we’re increasingly seeing airlines put more restrictions in place regarding which partners have access to award availability, so this isn’t as consistently useful as in the past.
Not all airlines make space available to all partners
Nowadays it’s common for airlines to have many redemption partners. While some airlines make all award seats available to members of partner frequent flyer programs, it’s far from consistent at this point. As a matter of fact, as time goes on, I’d say it’s the exception rather than the norm. For example:
- Air France-KLM makes a lot of award space available exclusively to members of the Flying Blue program
- Emirates blocks most first class award space through partner programs, and saves it for Skywards members, even requiring elite status
- Lufthansa only makes first class award seats available to partner programs at most a few days out, while Miles & More members get access to the space before that
- Singapore Airlines makes a vast majority of its premium cabin award space available to members of the KrisFlyer program
- Etihad restricts most premium award seats to members of the Etihad Guest program when booking more than 30 days in advance
- Qatar Airways now limits most business class award seats to those redeeming some “flavor” of Avios, rather than other partner miles
Those are just several examples, as there are lots more out there.
Booking last minute is often best
While I realize many people want to plan travel in advance (understandably, because they have to plan, take time off work, etc.), it’s important to keep in mind that often the best time to book mileage award tickets is last minute, just a few days before departure.
I wouldn’t count on this for a big family trip, of course, but if you can’t find the seats you want, it can make sense to book the best available option when the schedule opens, and then upgrade later on.
Bottom line
As much as you’d think it would be, given that everything is computerized, booking award flights right when the schedules open really isn’t a science.
There’s no doubt it helps to know the general date ranges when space opens up and how you can leverage partners to get “early” access to award space. But ultimately your best bet is to just start researching options a day or two before the award window opens up for the airline with which you have miles and go from there.
If you’re planning 10-11 months out you generally shouldn’t have too much trouble finding award space, assuming you’re not trying to go to Australia over Christmas, for example.
What has your experience been with booking award seats when the schedule opens?
In my experience in recent years (and certainly post pandemic) redeeming points for a party of 2 or more in a premium cabin on a reasonably efficient routing (1 stop with connection time of 2-4 hrs, excepting very small regional destinations where 2 stops may be required) at desirable times/seasons is like finding a needle in a haystack. And, most of us find last minute booking pretty useless (oh yes, I live in North America...
In my experience in recent years (and certainly post pandemic) redeeming points for a party of 2 or more in a premium cabin on a reasonably efficient routing (1 stop with connection time of 2-4 hrs, excepting very small regional destinations where 2 stops may be required) at desirable times/seasons is like finding a needle in a haystack. And, most of us find last minute booking pretty useless (oh yes, I live in North America but because space is available tomorrow off to New Zealand I go but I am not sure how I am getting home or when!). So, 1. I accumulate points agnostically—that is using a CC where I can redeem with any number of partners and 2. Recognize that I can only redeem opportunistically—that is, if there is a points options that happens to fit my needs, then hurray for me, but otherwise I just pay cash.
Remote working can help with that sort of thing, I often say to my colleagues 'I may need to do a couple of days work from [insert country] if I can't find availability with miles for the day I'm hoping to travel'. It feels great to be working in a place where adults are in charge and 'X office days a week' mandates have been confined to teams that actually need physical presence, even if...
Remote working can help with that sort of thing, I often say to my colleagues 'I may need to do a couple of days work from [insert country] if I can't find availability with miles for the day I'm hoping to travel'. It feels great to be working in a place where adults are in charge and 'X office days a week' mandates have been confined to teams that actually need physical presence, even if that means my career isn't going to be progressing very fast as we don't get the turnover for that!
Booked EWR-DFW-OGG in business class the day the schedule opened for 55.5k AA miles. It’s now double or more.
Coupled with my HNL-HND-SIN flight in business class for 55k AA miles and my SIN-FRA-EWR for 92k Air Canada Miles. 200k around the world is a great value.
Yet Ben and Gary et al will continue breathlessly pushing various credit card products with the headlines of “only 80K AA miles for JAL F” etc when those are a needle in a haystack at best!!!
There ain’t no stinking award seats is my experience! And yes no point buying miles in say Alaska as the good stuff is gone long before they open their schedule
Ben,
Its irrelevant the date and when they open the calendar,
most airlines programs are not very honest and they verbal engineer everything, most of the times 300,000 miles/points needed and Yes! you can get the reward in 300 days before, its not worth it!!
The most important its when the lowest point or saver award its available!
In other words its better to have a points/miles in a program that consistently allows good opportunities at a reasonable rate.
Got my business class seat on Qatar out of CDG and LHR. There were four in each direction
Iberia is 359 days. I have made three bookings when their schedule opens.
Beat me to it.
Lucky, that is indeed an error, I've made several bookings like the commenter above.
They open up schedule ahead of BA.
You both beat me to it!!
While I understand it's an availablity thing from the Qatar Airways side, I havent seen ANY 75,000 Advantage awards out of the US in Qatar Airways Business Class in a VERY long time. While I get that you're quoting the cost, the availability and ability to use AA miles for those types of awards has been next to nothing for way too long.
Yeah I have no idea why Ben continues to present Qatar on AA as something that is actually a viable option. It's a unicorn at this point.
because he is looking to get people who don't know any better to signup for cards so he can get referral fees. If people were told the truth about how difficult it is to find award space for premium travel most of them would never signup for these cards in the first place.
While not faulting Ben and his business model, I tend to agree lots of disappointment with availability. to make it worthwhile you need several cards w SUB
OTOH, I’ve played this game for 12 years I’ve had a grand time button it’s not as fun with higher prices all around. C’est La vie
Safe travels
Plenty of Qatar availability on AA outside of the US.
While that is mostly true but only 2 seats available in business class. Previously they released 4 seats.
Right but this article specifically mentions 75k awards ex-US. Commenting if what you me tion
You guys need to remember YMMV is a pillar of miles/points. Not every one's needs are QR ex-USA.
Yes but this article specifically mentions the ex-USA 75k awards using AA miles on QR, which QR almost never makes available anymore. No mention of anything else.
@Jason that's cool, we can talk about the American stock market all day as a way to get rich; there are other plays for those who know better.
@Santos ??
Agree with You 100%.
I already have an account in Qatar since AAdvantage isnt an option anymore.